biotechnologie --- textilní chemie

The cellulases of the soft-rot fungus. Trichoderma reesei are the most studied and understood of all cellulolytic systems. Cellulases are used for modification of cellulosic fibres and fabrics, e.g. cotton, viscose and lyocell, yielding properties such as stonewashing, peach-skin and biofinishing effects. Cellulases are usually applied as multi-component enzyme systems and most of the commercial cellulases contain a variety of different activities. The cellulolytic system of T. reesei is composed of two cellobiohydrolases (CBHI and CBHII), at least six endoglucanases and two -glucosidases. Cellulases are known to act synergistically in the hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose. Endoglucanases randomly attack the amorphous regions in cellulosic substrates, whereas cellobiohydrolases can also act the crystalline regions of cellulose, releasing cellobiose from the ends of cellulose chain. In the present investigation, purified T. reesei cellulases CBHI, CBHII, EGI and EG II were used to treat different types of cotton fabrics in order to evaluate the effects of individual mono-component cellulases on cotton properties. By comparing the impact of mono-component cellulases on cotton twill and poplin woven fabrics and interlock knitted fabric; it became apparent that cellobiohydrolases and endoglucanases have different effects on the tested fabrics.

Biotechnology in Textile Pre-treatment